What Is Carbon Black Raw Material And How Is It Made?

Carbon black is a powdery product of incomplete combustion of organic matter. The main component is carbon. It is composed of primary particles of 90~6000 angstroms, and there are some side chains on the primary particles.

Carbon black is one of the main raw materials for the production of hard electrochemical graphite brushes and arc carbon rods.

Depending on the raw materials used and the manufacturing method, carbon black is divided into the following eight types:

(1) Gas carbon black: Using natural gas as raw material, the gas pressure is controlled at 14~16cm water column through the pressure regulator, and it is passed into the slot type burner, and it contacts and burns with insufficient air in the fire room to generate carbon in the flame. Black, attached to the surface of the cold iron, the iron moves back and forth, and the carbon black is scraped off by the scraper and falls into the hopper;

(2) Mixed gas tank black: The steam of coal tar distillation products such as scallion oil, naphthalene oil, anti-corrosion oil, etc. is mixed with gas or natural gas, and incomplete combustion is performed in the slot burner that emits a plane flame, resulting in carbon black. Collected on mobile Caotie cooled with water;

(3) Drum carbon black: the liquid hydrocarbons and gas are fully mixed and gasified, and sprayed out through small holes for incomplete combustion, and the resulting carbon black is attached to the inner surface of the drum cooled by water, and is collected into the hopper with a scraper;

(4) High wear-resistant furnace black: using liquid hydrocarbons as raw materials, under a certain pressure, the oil is injected into the furnace, and a certain amount of air is supplied, so that the oil and gas are fully mixed and burned, and the generated carbon black is attached to the iron and the drum. Or on the rollers, into the hopper;

(5) Semi-reinforced furnace black: obtained by adding natural gas or adding an appropriate amount of oil raw materials to natural gas, mixing a certain amount of air, and injecting it into the furnace for incomplete combustion;

(6) Spray carbon black: The generation method is similar to that of high wear-resistant furnace black, but the ratio of oil to air, air supply method, combustion temperature and cooling process are slightly different;

(7) Lamp smoke carbon black: It is made of liquid hydrocarbons as raw materials, injected into the combustion plate through the oil pipe, and an appropriate amount of air is introduced to make it burn into a large flame;

(8) Pyrolysis of carbon black: In the pyrolysis furnace preheated to 1550 °C, natural gas is introduced. In the absence of air, the natural gas contacts the surface of the strong checkered brick and pyrolysis occurs. At this time, the furnace The temperature of the gas is reduced until it falls to the temperature where the natural gas cannot be pyrolyzed, and then it is reheated to generate carbon black.

The important physical and chemical properties of carbon black are dispersibility, chain structure and surface characteristics of particles.

The dispersibility of carbon black is usually evaluated by the average value of the diameter of carbon black particles, and its specific surface is directly related to the degree of dispersion.